ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ДУАЛЬНОГО ЗНОСУ КОЛОДОК У ГАЛЬМОВІЙ СИСТЕМІ ВАНТАЖНИХ ВАГОНІВ

V. G. Ravlyuk

doi:10.15802/stp2019/166114

Authors

V. G. Ravlyuk Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-9482

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2019/166114

Keywords:

dual wear, brake pad, brake lever transmission, brake beam, model, statistical analysis, kinetic static analysis, force moment, dynamic forces, operational tests

Abstract

Purpose. This research is aimed at revealing features of dual wear of pads in the brake system of freight cars. Methodology. The complex of theoretical and operational research concerning the causes and consequences of dual wear of pads, as the most widespread one in the freight cars, was conducted. Using the theory of planning the experiment based on the collected statistical material an adapted mathematical modeling of the dual wear process was performed and negative factors were determined. The Mathcad software and STATISTIKA software application were used. Findings. A comparative analysis of various devices for the uniform wear of brake pads showed insufficient efficiency. It has been established that typical devices of uniform wear of brake shoes (up to 95%) are in damaged condition due to the effect of significant dynamic loads. Therefore, the shoes are bent, pressed with their upper edges to the wheel threads and when driving in trains without braking do harmful friction with the formation of double frictional wear of the working body of the shoes. It has been theoretically proved that in a hinged connection of a vertical lever with a brake beam king post a harmfully acting torque from the gravitational forces is formed, which becomes the main cause of the dual wear of the brake shoes. Kinetostatic analysis, taking into account the dynamic forces in the unsprung parts of the bogie, has allowed establishing the cause of dual wear and determining the possibility of eliminating the specified torque in the existing brake system. According to the R & D and the Ukrzaliznytsia`s order the operational tests on 10 gondola cars constructed by Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works were performed. They confirmed the results of the theoretical studies. Originality. For the first time, it was discovered, the research was initiated and the definition – the dual deterioration of brake pads was proposed. A mathematical regression model was developed for determining the main cause of dual wear of pads in a typical mechanical braking system of three-element bogies. It was adapted the mathematical approach to the planning of experiments with the construction of the corresponding schemes-models, which revealed the malignant moment of forces, bending the break beam on the pendulum suspensions until the upper edges of the brake pads will be pressed to the wheel thread. Practical value. The results of the research can be used in the design, modernization and operation of brake systems for both the operational fleet, as well as a new generation of three-element bogies.

Author Biography

V. G. Ravlyuk, Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport

Dep. «Cars», Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Feuerbach Sq., 7, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61500, tel. +38 (057) 730 10 35, e-mail ravvg@ukr.net

References

Muradyan, L. A., Shaposhnik, V. Y., Vinstrot, B. U., & Mukovoz, S. P. (2015). Ispytaniya perspektivnykh tormoznykh kolodok na zheleznykh dorogakh Ukrainy, Lokomotiv-Inform, 7/8, 20-22. (іn Russian)

Instruktsiia z ekspluatatsii halm rukhomoho skladu na zaliznytsiakh Ukrainy: TsT-TsV-TsL-0015, No. 264-Ts. (2004). Kyiv. (іn Ukrainian)

Karpychev, V. A., Nikitin, G. B., & Andreev, P. A. (2013). K voprosu otsenki i kontrolya tormoznykh nazhatiy kolodok na kolesa v zavisimosti ot polozheniy rychagov pri regulirovkakh rychazhnoy peredachi telezhki 18-100. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 5, 43-48. (in Russian)

Martynov, I. E., & Nechvoloda, K. S. (2010). O sposobe polnoy likvidatsii klinovidnogo iznosa tormoznykh kolodok gruzovykh vagonov. Vagonnyiy park, 4, 36-39. (in Russian)

Bosov, A. A., Myamlin, S. V., Panasenko, V. Y., & Klymenko, I. V. (2009). The ways of the freight train trucks design improvement. Visnyk Dnipropetrovskoho natsionalnoho universytetu zaliznychnoho transportu imeni akademika V. Lazariana, 29, 27-32. (in Russian)

Ravlyuk, V. G. (2017). On the issue of determination of the force transformations under wedge-shaped wear of the brake shoes of freight cars. Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Dynamics and Strength of Machines: Collective works, 40(1262), 75-80. (in Ukrainian)

Ravlyuk, V. G. (2018). Simultaneous kinetostatic analysis of brake immediate transmission of freight wagons. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats DUIT. Seriia: Transportni systemy i tekhnolohii, 32(1), 55-70. (in Ukrainian)

Radzikhovskiy, A. A., Omelyanenko, I. A., & Timoshina, L. A. (2008). Sistemnyy podkhod k proektirovaniyu telezhek dlya gruzovykh vagonov s povyshennymi osevymi nagruzkami. Vagonnyy park, 8, 10-16. (in Russian)

Radzikhovskiy, A. A., Omelyanenko, I. A., & Timoshina, L. A. (2009). Ustroystvo otvoda tormoznykh kolodok. Vagonnyy park, 11-12, 18-21. (in Russian)

Martynov, I. E., & Ravlyuk, V. G. (2012). Rozrobka konstruktorsko-tekhnolohichnoi dokumentatsii na provedennia modernizatsii halmovykh vazhilnykh peredach vizkiv vantazhnykh vahoniv: zvit pro NDKR (№ DR 0111U008972). Kharkіv: Ukrainian State Academy of Railway Transport. (іn Ukrainian)

Smolyaninov, A. V., & Smolyaninov, P. V. (2012). Razmernye raschety tormoznoy rychazhnoy peredachi gruzovogo vagona kak metod obosnovaniya putey povysheniya kachestva remonta. Izvestiya Transsiba, 2(10), 27-36. (in Russian)

Blokhin, Y. P., Alpysbaev, K. T., & Panasenko, V. Y. (2012). Telezhki ZK1 poluvagonov, postroennykh v KNR. Vagonnyiy park, 9(66), 12-14. (in Ukrainian)

Tuluzin, S. V., & Gorskiy, D. V. (2015) Otsenka rabotosposobnosti tormoznoy rychazhnoy peredachi telezhki gruzovogo vagona na razlichnykh stadiyakh iznosa kolodok i koles. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2, 38-44. (in Russian)

Turutin, I. V., & Rudakova, E. A. (2013). Konstruktsiya telezhek modeley 18-9889 i 18-9890 dlya innovatsionnyih chetyireh- i shestiosnyih gruzovyih vagonov. Transport RF, 3(46), 10-12. (in Russian)

Lovskaya, A., Gerlici, J., Fomin, O., Kravchenko, K., Prokopenko, P., & Lack, T. (2019). Improvement of the bearing structure of the wagon-platform of the articulated type to ensure the reliability of the fixing on the deck of the railway ferry. MATEC Web of Conferences, 254. Retrieved from https://clck.ru/FrMs9 doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201925402035 (in English)

Vineesh, K. P., Vakkalagadda, M. R. K., Tripath, A. K., Mishra, A., & Racherla, V. (2016). Non-uniformity in braking in coaching and freight stock in Indian. Railways and associated causes. Engineering Failure Analysis, 59, 493-508. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2015.11.023 (in English)

Vakkalagadda, M. R. K., Srivastava, D. K., Mishra, A., & Racherla, V. (2015). Performance analyses of brake blocks used by Indian Railways. Wear, 328-329, 64-76. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2015.01.044 (in English)

Vernersson, T. (1999). Thermally induced roughness of tread-braked railway wheels: Part 1: brake rig experiments. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431648">Wear, 236(1-2), 96-105. doi: 10.1016/s0043-1648(99)00261-6 (in English)